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▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Commentsface="Times New Roman Star"*jelo" face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"tether, rope for calves face="Times New Roman Star"веревка для привязывания жеребят, телят face="Times New Roman Star"jelu" (MK ) ( ? jalu) face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ele (DS) face="Times New Roman Star"jele (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ele (Pav. C. ) 'string, bow-string' face="Times New Roman Star"z?|el@ face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ili (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"z?|a"la" face="Times New Roman Star"jele, d/ele face="Times New Roman Star"sele face="Times New Roman Star"c?ele face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ele face="Times New Roman Star"z?eli face="Times New Roman Star"jele (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"z?elle face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 919, ЭСТЯ 4, 21-22. Turk. > WMong. z?|ele (rather than vice versa, despite VEWT 125). face="Times New Roman Star"*dar- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to go apart, scatter, spread 2 to branch, be forked 3 branch 4 claw 5 finger face="Times New Roman Star"1 расходиться, рассеиваться, распространяться 2 растопыриваться, разветвляться 3 ветвь 4 лапа 5 палец face="Times New Roman Star"tarmaq 4, tarmaqla- 2, tar- 1 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"darga- 1 (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"tar- 1 (dial.), tarmaq 3 face="Times New Roman Star"tar- 'to put an end to smth.' (Qutb ) face="Times New Roman Star"tarvaj- 2, tarmaq 3 face="Times New Roman Star"tarmaq 3 face="Times New Roman Star"tarmaq 5 face="Times New Roman Star"darma-dag|yn 'scattered' face="Times New Roman Star"darg|a- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"tarba- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"torat 3 face="Times New Roman Star"tarbax 5, targ|a:- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"targat- 1 (tr.) face="Times New Roman Star"darba- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"tarba- 2, tarmaq 3 face="Times New Roman Star"tarmaq 3 face="Times New Roman Star"tarma- 2, tarmaq 3 face="Times New Roman Star"tarba- 2, tarmaq 3 face="Times New Roman Star"tarba- 2, tarmaq 3 face="Times New Roman Star"tarmaq 3 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 463, EDT 529, ЭСТЯ 3, 150-151, Дыбо 312, Лексика 256, Федотов 2, 251, Stachowski 218. Widely spread modern Kypchak forms like Kirgh. tara-, tarqa- 'to become scattered' etc. are most probably < Mong. tara-, tarqa- (see under *t`a/jri ), since the (rather scanty) Oghuz evidence points to *d-, so Clauson (EDT 529) may be right in thinking that there is no etymological connection between PT *dar- and Mong. tara-, tarqa- 'disperse'. It is also probable that the common Turkic derivatives *darma- 'to scrape, rake up; to scatter, disperse in different directions', as well as *dara- 'to comb' (ЭСТЯ 3, 147-149, Stachowski 217) can belong here - although both roots tend to contaminate actively with PT *dyrn|a- 'to scrape' (q. v. sub *c?i_u>ru ). face="Times New Roman Star"*ed- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to tan (leather) face="Times New Roman Star"дубить (шкуру) face="Times New Roman Star"ejma" 'leather bag with clabber' face="Times New Roman Star"ej- face="Times New Roman Star"ir-z/@ 'skinner' face="Times New Roman Star"etirik `skin scraper' face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 1, 236-237, 335-336, Мудрак Дисс. 171, Лексика 377. face="Times New Roman Star"*orga face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"female or young maral face="Times New Roman Star"самка или детеныш марала face="Times New Roman Star"org|acaq (Sib.) face="Times New Roman Star"org|a, org|ac?a (Kyz.) face="Times New Roman Star"org|a face="Times New Roman Star"Борг. 629. face="Times New Roman Star"*sibu"t face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"dill, coriander face="Times New Roman Star"укроп, кориандр face="Times New Roman Star"sibu"t (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 785. (If not < Pers.) face="Times New Roman Star"*si:pek face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 infant's urinal in a cradle 2 pivot (of a hand-mill etc.) 3 corn-cob face="Times New Roman Star"1 мочеотводная трубочка в люльке 2 стержень, шкворень (ручной мельницы и т.п.) 3 початок кукурузы face="Times New Roman Star"sibek 1, 2 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"su"bek 1, 2, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"su"ba"k 3 (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 788, ЭСТЯ 7. Modern languages reveal some very irregular reflexes like Kaz., KKalp. sobyq 3, Tur. su"mek, so"mek 1, 2, 3 (with -m- also in Kum. su"mek, Nogh. simek, Uzb. sumak 1, 2 etc.; some languages have variants with c?- or s?- like Kirgh. c?o"mo"k 3, s?imek 1, 2). These all can be either irregular expressive variants with secondary diffusion or reflect contaminations with some other (not quite clear) roots. face="Times New Roman Star"*sEp face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"duct, river branch, bay face="Times New Roman Star"приток, залив, боковой рукав реки face="Times New Roman Star"sip face="Times New Roman Star"sep face="Times New Roman Star"sep face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 410, ЭСТЯ 7. face="Times New Roman Star"*ebren face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"snake face="Times New Roman Star"змея face="Times New Roman Star"(Osm.) evren 'dragon', cf. mod. 'heaven vault' ( < `snake-rainbow' ?) face="Times New Roman Star"MKypch. ewren 'adder' (Houts. ) face="Times New Roman Star"v@w|re s/@len 'dragon' (lit. 'hot snake'), vereni (Bulg.) face="Times New Roman Star"ievrem 'fiery snake' face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 14. face="Times New Roman Star"*KE:c?ir face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 trachea 2 cartilage face="Times New Roman Star"1 трахея 2 хрящ face="Times New Roman Star"ka"c?erka" 'a small hair on the back of a baby' (?) face="Times New Roman Star"kiz?|@r 2 face="Times New Roman Star"kec?irtke 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ked'ir 1 face="Times New Roman Star"kez?|ir 2, kez?|ir bo:s 1 face="Times New Roman Star"kec?ir 'cartilage of the shoulderblade bone' face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 246. Length is indicated by voicing in Tof. and lack of pharyngealization. face="Times New Roman Star"*o(by)l-duruk face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"milt, roe face="Times New Roman Star"молоки, икра face="Times New Roman Star"og|ulduruk 'womb, ovary' face="Times New Roman Star"uwuldyq face="Times New Roman Star"og|ulduruq (R - ShS ) face="Times New Roman Star"o|vuldyryq (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"ovulduruq face="Times New Roman Star"v@w|lz?|@w| face="Times New Roman Star"ulduruq face="Times New Roman Star"ulduruq, u"ldu"ru"k face="Times New Roman Star"ywyldyryq (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 358. Usually derived from *ogul 'son', which is rather dubious for external reasons. See Мудрак Дисс. 146. Дыбо 156. face="Times New Roman Star"*c?Emirc?ik face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"cartilage, gristle face="Times New Roman Star"хрящ face="Times New Roman Star"c?@m@j 'knucklebone' face="Times New Roman Star"c?amaj 'cheekbone' face="Times New Roman Star"c?emirc?ek 'хрящ на лопатке и мечевидном отростке' face="Times New Roman Star"s?emirs?ek face="Times New Roman Star"s?emirs?ek face="Times New Roman Star"s?emirs?ek face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 251. Widely spread forms like Chag. ka"mirc?a"k are probably due to contamination with *kEmu"k 'bone' (v. sub *k`i_ome ). face="Times New Roman Star"*TAlk- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"tension of cords face="Times New Roman Star"натяжение веревок face="Times New Roman Star"talqyg|; talg|uc? 'poles for fastening burden on animal's back', talg|uq 'wedge for fastening the axe blade' (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 496. face="Times New Roman Star"*sEb-re- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to diminish face="Times New Roman Star"уменьшаться, убывать face="Times New Roman Star"sevre- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"ДТС 498. face="Times New Roman Star"*sa:n face="Times New Roman Star"1 shin, hind leg 2 limb 3 body face="Times New Roman Star"1 голень, задняя нога 2 член тела 3 тело face="Times New Roman Star"san (At. ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"san 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"san (Vam. ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"so|n 1 face="Times New Roman Star"san 1 face="Times New Roman Star"sa:n 1 face="Times New Roman Star"san 1 face="Times New Roman Star"san 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"san 1 face="Times New Roman Star"san 1 face="Times New Roman Star"han 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"san 2, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"san 1 face="Times New Roman Star"san 2, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 400, ЭСТЯ 7, Лексика 282. face="Times New Roman Star"*una- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to agree, be satisfied face="Times New Roman Star"соглашаться, быть удовлетворенным face="Times New Roman Star"una- (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"una- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"una- (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"una- (Бор. Бад. , Abush. , Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"una- face="Times New Roman Star"una- face="Times New Roman Star"una- (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"una- face="Times New Roman Star"una- face="Times New Roman Star"una- face="Times New Roman Star"una- face="Times New Roman Star"una- face="Times New Roman Star"una- face="Times New Roman Star"una- face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 171, VEWT 514, ЭСТЯ 1, 596-597. face="Times New Roman Star"*go"jke face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"kestrel, windhover, hawk face="Times New Roman Star"пустельга, ястреб face="Times New Roman Star"keku"k 'a bird of prey' (OUygh. - Irq Bitig) face="Times New Roman Star"keku"k 'al-zummac, a bird the bones of which are used in conjurations and sorcery' (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"ko"jkenek (Pav. C. , Abushk.) face="Times New Roman Star"go"venek face="Times New Roman Star"ko"jkenek face="Times New Roman Star"ku"jko" face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 288, EDT 710, ЭСТЯ 5, 133-134, Лексика 170. Turk. > Mong. ku"jku"nek. face="Times New Roman Star"*gEru" face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"back face="Times New Roman Star"назад, сзади face="Times New Roman Star"keru" (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"keru" (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"geri face="Times New Roman Star"kire face="Times New Roman Star"keru" (MA ) face="Times New Roman Star"geri face="Times New Roman Star"keri face="Times New Roman Star"keri face="Times New Roman Star"keri face="Times New Roman Star"kire face="Times New Roman Star"ge:ri face="Times New Roman Star"keri face="Times New Roman Star"geri face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 3, 27. Turk. > MMong. geru (SH ) 'back side'. face="Times New Roman Star"*Kar/gan- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to earn wages by labour, to gain profits by trade, to strive for success face="Times New Roman Star"приобретать, хранить, выигрывать face="Times New Roman Star"qazg|an- (Orkh., Yeniss., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"qazg|an- (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"kazan- face="Times New Roman Star"qazan- face="Times New Roman Star"qazan- (Sangl. , Houts. , Ettuhf. , IM , Pav. C. , MA ), Kypch. qazan- (CCum .) face="Times New Roman Star"qazan- face="Times New Roman Star"Gazan- face="Times New Roman Star"Gazan- face="Times New Roman Star"xъrg|ъn 'скупец, скряга, скаред' face="Times New Roman Star"xaha:n- face="Times New Roman Star"qazan- face="Times New Roman Star"qazan- face="Times New Roman Star"qazan- face="Times New Roman Star"qazan- face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 5, 188-189. face="Times New Roman Star"*ko"k face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"healthy, big, thick face="Times New Roman Star"здоровый, большой, толстый face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 5, 93. Turkic > Khalkha xo"x 'massive (of muscles, flesh etc.)' face="Times New Roman Star"*do"l/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"mountain slope face="Times New Roman Star"склон горы face="Times New Roman Star"do"s? (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"tu.s? face="Times New Roman Star"to"s? face="Times New Roman Star"do"s? face="Times New Roman Star"to"s face="Times New Roman Star"do"'s? face="Times New Roman Star"to"s? face="Times New Roman Star"to"s face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 3, 287. The root should be kept distinct from *do":l/ 'breast' q. v. sub *t`o:l/i (see Щербак 1970 , 197).
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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